Grinding and polishing machine.



l c. n. HAZEL. GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR|20| |916.

C. R. HAZEL.

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APILZO. I9IG.

Patented OCI. 8;'1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 k. bq m M. Q m 2 m 6 M m. I

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Y E N Dn 0 T T A CHARLES 2B.. HAZEL, OF CHARLEROI, PENNSYLVANIA.

GRIND'ING AND IPOLISHING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented ont. s, 191s.`

Application led April 20, 1916. Serial No. 92,496.

To all whom t may concern.'

Beit known that I, CHARLES-R. I-IAzEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Charleroi, in the county of Washington and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grind upon its axis as it travels over the surface' to be ground and polished.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine with means whereby various articles having a arabolic surface either concavely or convex y formed, such as large lenses for searchlights and the like, may be quickly and accurately ground and polished by the automatic movements of the machine.

A still further object of the invention is -to provide an adjustable means-whereby the machine may be quickly and easily changed i to t the machine for grinding objects having different curvatures and also plane surfaces.-

With these objects in view and others to be set forth hereinafter in the following detailed description, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangements of partsillustrated in the accompanying-drawing in which:

Figure V1 is a side elevation of thecomplete grinding machine,

P; enlarged,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is aY plan view of the grinding head Fig. Zlis a vertical cross sectional view of the same on theline 4:-4 of Fig. 3,

Figs. 5 and G areviews illustrating modifications of the linvention.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 10 indicates a strong, rigid and low bed or base over which travels ina longitudinal-.direction a carriage 11 mounted on flanged wheels 12 that travel over andnare guided by tracks or rails 13 removably secured on the base 10.

' The tracks or rails 13 have curvedtread surfaces 14 that are true arcs of circles, the radii of which are equal and have a length that is dependent upon the curvature of the surface to be ground. The tracks 13 are removably connected to the base so that when needed tracks having different radial lengths may be substituted. In Fig. 1 the tracks or rails 13 have a concaved tread and are supported at their lower ends upon blocks or sleepers 15 carried by the bed 10 while the upper ends of said rails are extended rearwardly'in a horizontal direction and in the same plane for a short distance to form a support for the carriage when the latter is withdrawn from operation on the article being ground. These higher and horizontal ends 16 of the rails 13 are carried on pillow blocks or other suitable supports 17. When articles having convexed surfaces are to be ground, tracks or rails having a reverse or conveXed tread are employed in which case the horizontal portions 16 of said rails would be fastened directly to the bed 10, as

clearly shown in Fig. 7.

In front of the bed 10 and a short distance' therefrom is a revolving table 18 mounted upon a vertical shaft 19, the uppersurface 0f said table lying in a horizontal plane parallel to the top or upper surface of the bed 10. The table 18 may be raised and lowered by moving the Shaft 1b longitudinally in any well-known manner by any suitable means familiar to those skilled in the art to accommodate the article to be ground and is provided on its upper surface with means 20 of any suitable kind to secure firmly upon the table the article A to be ground. In the drawing this article is shown as a searchlight lens, the inner or concaved surface of which is being ground and polished.

At the front end of the carriage 11 are two forwardly projecting lugs 21 which may as shown be formed integrally with a cross brace 22 that joins the forward ends of the sidebeams 23 of the carriage 11. Pivotally shown in Fig. 1 in slots 29 cut in the bearl 'ings 26. Projecting upwardly from the pivotal end of the arm 25 is a shorter arm 30 to which is pivoted a rod 31 that extends 5 rearwardly throu h a bracket 32 on'the carriage and beyond the bracket is threaded for a hand wheel 33 which upon being turned in one direction or the other will through the connections described rock the arm 25 on its pivot and raise or lower the grinding head 28.

The grinding head 28 shown enlarged in. Figs. 3 and 4 comprises a rectangular shell or casing 34 havin a ycircular opening extending vertically t erethrough to receive a revolving' member 35 having'on its upper end a laterally proj eeting flange 36 seated in a groove 37 in the casing and serving to support said revolving member within said cas- '20 ing. lProjecting laterally from opposite sides of the casing 34 are the journals 27 upon which the head 28 rocks. A shaft 38 extends upwardly from the revolving member 35 and in the axis thereof a short distance above the head 28 and has a beveled gear 39 keyedV onlits upper end which is driven by a pinion 40 on a short shaft 41 turning ina bearing 42 attached to the head 28 and driven through a exible or other suitable coupling 43 from a shaft 44 connected to some suitable source of power. On the top of the casing 34 of the head 28 isl anwannular rac'k 45.having internal teeth 46 and two laterally projecting and downs/wardly turned lugs 47 that bear against and are bolted to the sides of the casing 34. Through the revolving member from top to bottom thereof and parallel with its axis of revolution are a plurality of shafts 48, :four bein shown in the drawings, a pinion 49 being astened to the upper end of each shaft and meshing with the teeth of the annular rack 45.A The lower end of each shaft 48 has a head 50'thereon to which is secured a. grinding block 51, the under surface of which is curved tor-suit the surface to be ground. 1 One of the ournals 27 projects beyond its bearings 26 and has keyed thereon an up- 450 wardly projecting arm 52 connected at its free end by a reach rod 53 that extends rearwardly to a shorter arm 54 on one end of a horizontal cross shaft 55 mounted in bearings 56 on the carriage 11. A lever 57 is. 55 mounted midway of its ends on the shaft 55 and is connected at one end 58 with a radius bar 59 that extends downwardly toward the bed 10 and is pivoted in a bearing 60' on said bed..

In operating the invention so far described assuming a lens such as A is to be ground on its concaved surface, rails or tracks such as 13 having the proper curvature are fastened to the bed 10 and the carriage 11 mounted i thereon. The hand wheel 33 is turned to -path, which movements combined will describe" aparabolic curve over the surface of the lens A. Thesecombined movements are caused by the carriage traveling over the curved tread 14 of the tracks 13 and the rocking movement of the head 28 on its journals 27 as the radius bar 59 vibrates andA rocks the lever 57 and shaft 55 which through arms 52 and 54 and reach bar 53 rocks said head. Suitable abrasive materials are employed with the grinding blocks 51to reduce the surface of lens, the latter being turned by the table 18 during the whole course of the grinding operation. After grinding the surface is polished by the useI of felt or other well known material attached to the under sideof the block 51 or other supporting means lfor the felt. After the grinding operation and after the polishing operation or at anytime during the progress ofy these operations if it be desired to suspend Work for any time, the carriage may be drawn back until the wheels 12 are supported on the -horizontal portionsl .of the rails 13. l

Should the convex surface of the lens A be placed in position to be ground, the rails 13 would be removed and other rails having a convexed tread of proper radius be substituted therefor, as shown in Fig. 7, and the radius barI 59 connected to the other arm 61 of the lever 57. With this change convexed surfaces of parabolic form may be ground as readily as concaved surfaces.

Against the under sides of the beams 66 is bolted an annular rack 45a having internal teeth 46L which mesh with pinions 49a on vertical shafts 48EL rotating in the head 28a. The lower end of each shaft 48a has fixed thereon a head 50 against the under surface of which is secured a runner or grinding member 51a. Each head 50a has an eccentrically formeddisk 69 to which the runner 51a is attached whereby lsaid runner is given 115 an 'eccentric as well as a rotary movement when the shaft 48 revolves. Below the runners 51a is a revolving table 18a supported upon a shaft 19a.

The operation of this form of machine for grinding plane surfaces is self-evident from the description of the various parts and the previous description of the operation of the preferred form of the invention. The runners 51a are elevated above the surface being 125 ground and forced a ainst said surface with any desired pressure y a lever 70 pivoted in bearings on the top beam 65 and having a forked end 71 that straddles the vertical bar 62 below a collar 72 thereon. A downward 180 movement of the lever 70 will raise the runners 51a and a reverse movement lowers them upon the surface being ground, the pressure being regulated or adjusted by moving the lever.

It is evident that the form of machine illustrated in Fig. l may be used to grind plane surfaces by a very slight change. This change consists in mounting the carriage 11 on horizontal rails, as in Fig. 6, disconnecting the radius bar 59 entirely from the lever 57 and securing the head 28 rigidly on the arm .25. With this slight change plane surfaces may be ground and polished either by moving the carria e to and fro where the surfaces are very arge or by causing the carriage to remain stationary and depending wholly upon the rotation of the table 18 to bring the various portions of the surface to be ground beneath the grinding blocks.

I claiml. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head movable transversely over the face of an article to be operated upon in line with the sectional contour of said face, means for simultaneously swinging the head in the plane of movement, means for positively rotating a part e of said head, and a group of grinding and polishing elements carried by said rotatable part each being positively rotated about its axis by means engageable with the non-rotatable part of the head.

2.In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head movable transversely 'across the face of an article to be opperated upon in line with the sectional contour of said face and simultaneously adapted to swing in the plane of said movement, a rotatable bearing carried by and forming a part of said head, means for positively rotating said bearing, and a group of grinding and polishing elements carried by said bearing, each element being positively rotated about its axis by means engaging the nonrotatable part of the head.

3. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head movable transversely over the face of an article to be operated upon in line with the sectional contour of said face, means for simultaneously swinging said head during its transverse movement, means for positively rotating a part of said head, and a group of grinding and polishing elements carried by said rotatable part, each element being positively rotated about its axis by means engaging the non-rotatable part of the head.

, 4. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head movable transversely over ythe face of an article to be opperated upon in line with the sectionalcontour of Said face, means for simultaneously swinging said head while reciprocating,

means lfor positively rotating a part of said l head, a group of grinding and polishing elements carried by said rotatable part, each element being positively rotated about its axis by means engaging the non-rotatable part of the head, and means for rotatingthe article being operated upon.

5. In a machine of the class described, a

4 grinding and polishing head movable over 'gear ring within the casing engaging said pinions and rotating each of said grinding elements through the rotation of said head, a rotating table for supporting the article under treatment, and means for adjusting the position of said grinding head relative to said table.

6. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head, grinding elements therein, a reciprocable carriage supporting said head, means for causing said carriage to reciprocate in a curved path, and means for swinging said head, both the reciprocating and swinging movements being simultaneous and in line with the direction of movement of said carriage.

7. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head, grinding elements thereon, a reciprocable carriage supporting said head, means for causing said carriage to travel in a curved path, and means for rocking said head on said carriage.

8. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head, grinding elements thereon, afreciprocable carriage adjustably supporting said head, means for causing said carriage to travel in a vertically curved path, and means for rocking said head on said carriage about a horizontal 110 axis.-

9. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head having a rotatable portion, grinding elements carried by said rotatableportion and collectively rota- 115 table with said head and about their own axes, a reciprocable carriage adj ustably supporting said head, positive driving means for collectively rotating said grinding elements, and means on the non-rotatable por- 120 tion of said head for individually rotating said elements. i

10. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and olishin head, grindlng elements mounted3 in sai head, each rotatable 125 about its own axis and collectively rotatable about the axis of said head, a reciprocable carriage adjustably supporting said head, means for causing said reciprocating carriage to travel in a curved path, means for 130 rocking said head on said carriage, and positive driving means for collectively and indi- 4 lectively and individually rotating' said` grinding elements.

12. In a machine of the class described, the`combination of a reciprocable carriage, curved tracks for directing reciprocatory movement of'said carriage and maintaining it at all times in a horizontal plane, a'grinding and polishing head mounted on said carriage and adapted to rock about a horizontal axis, a vertically adjustable support for the polishing head pivoted on said' carriage, and operating mechanism for rocking said head as the carriage is reciprocated.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a reciprcicable4 carriage, curved tracks for directing the reciprocatory movement of said carriage and maintaining it at all times in a horizontal plane, a grinding and polishing head mounted on said carriage and adapted to rock in a vertical plane, a vertically adjustable arm pivoted on said carriage for supporting the grinding head, manually operable means for adjusting said arm, grinding elements supported in said head, positive driving means forl collectively and individually rotating said grinding elements, and means for rocking said head as the carriage is reciprocated. 14. In a machine of the vclass described, the combination of a reciprocable carriage, a grinding head supported by said carriage, adapted to swing 4in the plane of reciprocation of said carriage, curved tracks for guiding the reciprocatory movement of said carriage, and a radius bar connected to the grinding head for simultaneously swinging said head with the reciprocation of the carriage.

15. In a machine of the class described,

' the combination of a reciprocable carria e, a

grinding and polishing'head supporte by said carriage and vadapted to swing in the plane of reciprocation of said carriage, vertically curved tracks for guiding the reciprocatory movement of said carriage, a radius bar pivoted at one end to a fixed bearing, an elbow lever on said carriage connected to the free end of the radius bar, and a connection between'said elbow lever 'and said head for swinging the same.

. 16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a reciprocablev carriage, a grinding and polishing` head, vertically adjustable thereon and adapted to rock about a horizontal axis, vertically curved tracks for guiding the reciprocatory movement of said carriage, horizontal extensions from said tracks to support said carriage when at rest, a radius bar, a lever pivoted on said carriage to whichsaid radius bar is connected, an arm on said head, and a link connecting said le`ver and arm for rocking said head as the carriage is reciprocated.

l17. In'a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head therefor comprisingaJ casing, journals projecting from said casing upon which it is adapted to rock, a rotating member carried by said casing, means for positively rotating the same, a plurality of rubbing `elements supported by said rotating member,` a pinion carried by each of said rubbing elements, and a rack fixed within said caslno and engaging said pinions for individually rotat- -ing the rubbing elements coincidentally with the operation of the rotating element. j

. 18. In a machine of the class described, a grinding and polishing head comprising a casing having journals thereon by' which it may be rocked in a vertical plane, a rotating member supported in, said casing, a plurality of rubbing elements supported in said rotatin member, a pinion on each of said rubbing elements, an annularrack secured within said casing and engaging each of said pinions, and means for positively turning said rotating element to collectivelyrevolve the polishing elements and through said rack and pinions individually revolve p the same. Y -In testimony whereof -I aliix my signature in presence o two witnesses.

Ic'iiaintiifs R. HAZEL.. Witnesses:

GEORGE F. RYLAND, S. T. CHESTER.

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